"In the sign of Taurus there are 33 stars and the Pleiades on its back"- - Ibn-Ezra, 'The Beginning of Wisdom'"Those stars in Taurus which are in the abscission of the sign resemble in their temperament the influence of Venus and in some degree that of Saturn; . . . the stars in the head (except Aldebaran) resemble Saturn and partly Mercury; those at the top of the horns are like Mars". - - PtolemyTaurus is one of the easiest constellations to see in the autumn and it is just northwest of the Orion constellation! We see it as the home of many star clusters such as the Pleiades and the Hyades, which make up the head. We also find the Crab Nebula within its borders.The brightest star in Taurus is Aldebaran. While other notables are both Betelgeuze and Bellatrix.
In Egypt
The Bull-god Apis was worshipped for thousands of years in Egypt. As the chief seat of learning, Memphis majored in the worship of Ptah, and the sacred Apis bull. Ptah, according to Egyptian belief, was "the Mind of the Universe,' who created all gods and men by thinking them into existence. Artists, skilled craftsmen, and men of letters especially revered him. For Apis the Sacred Bull, a magnificent temple was constructed which was known as the "Cathedral' of Egypt. Spring was the time when festivals honouring the Apis-bulls were held.
At this time in history, roughly around 4000 B.C., the Sun's position along the Zodiac on the first day of spring, or Vernal Equinox, was in that constellation we now recognize as Taurus, the Bull. So for many centuries Taurus was to be the first and most important constellation of the Zodiac. Some have suggested that Taurus may have been the first Zodiac constellation invented.
Greece
In early Greek mythology, Zeus falls in love with Europa, the beautiful daughter of King Agenor of Phoenicia, as she was bathing with her girl friends on the beach at Tyre.
But her father's servants constantly guarded Europa.One day Zeus changed himself into a beautiful white bull with golden horns. He then mixed with the royal herds that were grazing in a large field by the sea. Europa, who had been walking along the beach, noticed this beautiful animal and could not resist going up to it and feeding it. So friendly and gentle was this splendid bull that she climbed onto its back and grasped its golden horns.Gradually the white bull wandered closer to the sea and when near the beach ran into the water and began swimming towards the island of Crete. By this time it is to late for Europa to climb off.When the two arrived to Crete, Zeus changed himself back into his own form revealing himself and seduced the maiden. The son that resulted from their union became King Minos of Crete, who also figures in the story of Ariadne and the Minotaur. Realizing that he could not marry Europa himself, Zeus gave her in marriage to Asterius, king of Crete.ReligionIn the Bible the bull took on a distinct symbolism.
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It wasn't so much the idol as what it symbolised that brought on God's wrath. It was the symbol of the fruits of ones labours being exalted over recognition of "every good and precious thing coming from above". Which was probably why the bull, along with the ram and goat, became also one of the offerings for sin.
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